Consensus channelome of dinoflagellates revealed by transcriptomic analysis sheds light on their physiology

Ion channels are membrane protein complexes mediating passive ion flux across the cell membranes. Every organism has a certain set of that define its physiology. Dinoflagellates ecologically important microorganisms characterized by effective physiological adaptability, which backs up their massive proliferations often result in harmful blooms (red tides). In this study, we used bioinformatics approach to identify homologs known belong 36 channel families. We demonstrated versatility dinoflagellate physiology is underpinned high diversity including animal and plant proteins, as well unique protists. The analysis 27 transcriptomes allowed reconstructing consensus repertoire (channelome) dinoflagellates members 31 families: inwardly-rectifying potassium channels, two-pore domain voltage-gated (Kv), tandem Kv, cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing (CNBD), CNBD, eukaryotic ionotropic glutamate receptors, large-conductance calcium-activated intermediate/small-conductance single-domain cation transient receptor potential calcium four-domain anion Cys-loop small-conductivity mechanosensitive large-conductivity proton inositole-1,4,5- trisphosphate slow aluminum-activated malate transporters quick mitochondrial uniporters, voltage-dependent vesicular chloride purinergic volage-insensitive channelrhodopsins, bestrophins, H+/Cl- exchangers, calcium-permeable trimeric intracellular channels. Overall, represent cells able respond physical chemical stimuli utilizing wide range Gprotein coupled receptors- Ca2+-dependent signaling pathways. applied not only shed light on dinoflagellates, but also provided information possible molecular mechanisms underlying vital cellular processes dependent transport.